Dear Lucy_780,
Good day! Thank you for posting to Microsoft Community. I am happy to help you.
I found in my test that it is possible to resubmit the work if the teacher returns it.
At the same time, I also found that jobs created in teams are saved in SharePoint and are saved automatically. If you haven't moved the location, such as saving locally, you can view the history:
If you find that your content does not exist in Version history. In this situation, I am sorry and recommend you to connect with the related development team where they can check the internal sources and investigate whether your data exists on the server to help you with recovery.
So, I request you to connect with your IT admin of your organization (How do I find my Microsoft 365 admin? - Microsoft Support) and ask them to raise a new service request from the Microsoft 365 admin center so that the related development team will connect with you and investigate the issue further.
Reference: Get support - Microsoft 365 admin | Microsoft Learn
Note: I apologize for redirecting you to related development support team because the moderators in this community are limited with the resource for further investigation and to get a quick resolution to your problem, I requested it.
Thanks for your cooperation.
Have a good day!
Sincerely,
Tin | Microsoft Community Moderator