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After reviewing the behavior you described, I found that similar issues have been reported in the past when handling video messages in the Teams client. The error often relates to an invalid video card aspect value, and currently, Teams does not fully support video cards in chat scenarios due to limitations around file size and security.
That said, Microsoft does provide a mechanism to embed audio and video files directly into Adaptive Cards, and supports media files hosted on OneDrive, SharePoint, YouTube, Dailymotion, or Vimeo. You can find full details in this article: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoftteams/platform/task-modules-and-cards/cards/media-elements-in-adaptive-cards?tabs=desktop%2Cdeveloper-portal-for-teams.
From the official samples, the media URLs used are typically shareable HTTPS links rather than direct streaming endpoints (e.g., MP4 or HLS .m3u8). This distinction is important because Teams may fail to render or parse streaming URLs correctly.
Additionally, in the Teams Admin Center, there is a Video messages option under Messaging > Messaging policies. This setting is usually turned on by default, but it’s worth double-checking to ensure no related configuration has been disabled.
Finally, you can collect Teams client diagnostic logs for deeper troubleshooting (usually for Microsoft Support). Instructions are available here: Microsoft Teams log files.
Hope this helps.
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