Passo a passo: Criar um instalador personalizado para um aplicativo ClickOnce

Qualquer aplicativo ClickOnce baseado em um arquivo .exe pode ser instalado e atualizado silenciosamente por um instalador personalizado. Um instalador personalizado pode implementar uma experiência de usuário personalizada durante a instalação, incluindo caixas de diálogo personalizadas para operações de segurança e manutenção. Para executar operações de instalação, o instalador personalizado usa a InPlaceHostingManager classe. Este passo a passo demonstra como criar um instalador personalizado que instala silenciosamente um aplicativo ClickOnce.

Observação

A classe ApplicationDeployment e as APIs no namespace System.Deployment.Application não são suportadas no .NET Core e no .NET 5 e versões posteriores. No .NET 7, um novo método de acessar propriedades de implantação de aplicativo é suportado. Para obter mais informações, consulte Acessar propriedades de implantação do ClickOnce no .NET. O .NET 7 não suporta o equivalente aos métodos ApplicationDeployment.

Pré-requisitos

Para criar um instalador de aplicativo ClickOnce personalizado

Em seu aplicativo ClickOnce, adicione referências a System.Deployment e System.Windows.Forms.
Adicione uma nova classe ao seu aplicativo e especifique qualquer nome. Este passo a passo usa o nome MyInstaller.

Adicione as seguintes diretivas Imports ou using no topo da sua nova classe.

using System.Deployment.Application;
using System.Windows.Forms;

Imports System.Deployment.Application
Imports System.Windows.Forms

Adicione os seguintes métodos à sua classe.

Esses métodos chamam InPlaceHostingManager métodos para baixar o manifesto de implantação, declarar permissões apropriadas, pedir permissão ao usuário para instalar e, em seguida, baixar e instalar o aplicativo no cache ClickOnce. Um instalador personalizado pode especificar que um aplicativo ClickOnce é pré-confiado ou pode adiar a decisão de confiança para a chamada do método AssertApplicationRequirements. Esse código pré-confia no aplicativo.

Observação

As permissões atribuídas pela pré-autorização não podem exceder as permissões do código do instalador personalizado.

InPlaceHostingManager iphm = null;

public void InstallApplication(string deployManifestUriStr)
{
    try
    {
        Uri deploymentUri = new Uri(deployManifestUriStr);
        iphm = new InPlaceHostingManager(deploymentUri, false);
    }
    catch (UriFormatException uriEx)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("Cannot install the application: " + 
            "The deployment manifest URL supplied is not a valid URL. " +
            "Error: " + uriEx.Message);
        return;
    }
    catch (PlatformNotSupportedException platformEx)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("Cannot install the application: " + 
            "This program requires Windows XP or higher. " +
            "Error: " + platformEx.Message);
        return;
    }
    catch (ArgumentException argumentEx)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("Cannot install the application: " + 
            "The deployment manifest URL supplied is not a valid URL. " +
            "Error: " + argumentEx.Message);
        return;
    }

    iphm.GetManifestCompleted += new EventHandler<GetManifestCompletedEventArgs>(iphm_GetManifestCompleted);
    iphm.GetManifestAsync();
}

void iphm_GetManifestCompleted(object sender, GetManifestCompletedEventArgs e)
{
    // Check for an error.
    if (e.Error != null)
    {
        // Cancel download and install.
        MessageBox.Show("Could not download manifest. Error: " + e.Error.Message);
        return;
    }

    // bool isFullTrust = CheckForFullTrust(e.ApplicationManifest);

    // Verify this application can be installed.
    try
    {
        // the true parameter allows InPlaceHostingManager
        // to grant the permissions requested in the application manifest.
        iphm.AssertApplicationRequirements(true) ; 
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("An error occurred while verifying the application. " +
            "Error: " + ex.Message);
        return;
    }

    // Use the information from GetManifestCompleted() to confirm 
    // that the user wants to proceed.
    string appInfo = "Application Name: " + e.ProductName;
    appInfo += "\nVersion: " + e.Version;
    appInfo += "\nSupport/Help Requests: " + (e.SupportUri != null ?
        e.SupportUri.ToString() : "N/A");
    appInfo += "\n\nConfirmed that this application can run with its requested permissions.";
    // if (isFullTrust)
    // appInfo += "\n\nThis application requires full trust in order to run.";
    appInfo += "\n\nProceed with installation?";

    DialogResult dr = MessageBox.Show(appInfo, "Confirm Application Install",
        MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel, MessageBoxIcon.Question);
    if (dr != System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.OK)
    {
        return;
    }

    // Download the deployment manifest. 
    iphm.DownloadProgressChanged += new EventHandler<DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs>(iphm_DownloadProgressChanged);
    iphm.DownloadApplicationCompleted += new EventHandler<DownloadApplicationCompletedEventArgs>(iphm_DownloadApplicationCompleted);

    try
    {
        // Usually this shouldn't throw an exception unless AssertApplicationRequirements() failed, 
        // or you did not call that method before calling this one.
        iphm.DownloadApplicationAsync();
    }
    catch (Exception downloadEx)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("Cannot initiate download of application. Error: " +
            downloadEx.Message);
        return;
    }
}

/*
private bool CheckForFullTrust(XmlReader appManifest)
{
    if (appManifest == null)
    {
        throw (new ArgumentNullException("appManifest cannot be null."));
    }

    XAttribute xaUnrestricted =
        XDocument.Load(appManifest)
            .Element("{urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1}assembly")
            .Element("{urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2}trustInfo")
            .Element("{urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2}security")
            .Element("{urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2}applicationRequestMinimum")
            .Element("{urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2}PermissionSet")
            .Attribute("Unrestricted"); // Attributes never have a namespace

    if (xaUnrestricted != null)
        if (xaUnrestricted.Value == "true")
            return true;

    return false;
}
*/

void iphm_DownloadApplicationCompleted(object sender, DownloadApplicationCompletedEventArgs e)
{
    // Check for an error.
    if (e.Error != null)
    {
        // Cancel download and install.
        MessageBox.Show("Could not download and install application. Error: " + e.Error.Message);
        return;
    }

    // Inform the user that their application is ready for use. 
    MessageBox.Show("Application installed! You may now run it from the Start menu.");
}

void iphm_DownloadProgressChanged(object sender, DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs e)
{
    // you can show percentage of task completed using e.ProgressPercentage
}

    Dim WithEvents iphm As InPlaceHostingManager = Nothing

    Public Sub InstallApplication(ByVal deployManifestUriStr As String)
        Try
            Dim deploymentUri As New Uri(deployManifestUriStr)
            iphm = New InPlaceHostingManager(deploymentUri, False)
            MessageBox.Show("Created the object.")
        Catch uriEx As UriFormatException
            MessageBox.Show("Cannot install the application: " & _
                            "The deployment manifest URL supplied is not a valid URL." & _
                            "Error: " & uriEx.Message)
            Return
        Catch platformEx As PlatformNotSupportedException
            MessageBox.Show("Cannot install the application: " & _
                            "This program requires Windows XP or higher. " & _
                            "Error: " & platformEx.Message)
            Return
        Catch argumentEx As ArgumentException
            MessageBox.Show("Cannot install the application: " & _
                            "The deployment manifest URL supplied is not a valid URL." & _
                            "Error: " & argumentEx.Message)
            Return
        End Try

        iphm.GetManifestAsync()
    End Sub

    Private Sub iphm_GetManifestCompleted(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As GetManifestCompletedEventArgs) Handles iphm.GetManifestCompleted
        ' Check for an error.
        If (e.Error IsNot Nothing) Then
            ' Cancel download and install.
            MessageBox.Show("Could not download manifest. Error: " & e.Error.Message)
            Return
        End If

        ' Dim isFullTrust As Boolean = CheckForFullTrust(e.ApplicationManifest)

        ' Verify this application can be installed.
        Try
            ' the true parameter allows InPlaceHostingManager
            ' to grant the permissions requested in the application manifest. 
            iphm.AssertApplicationRequirements(True)
        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show("An error occurred while verifying the application. " & _
                            "Error text: " & ex.Message)
            Return
        End Try

        ' Use the information from GetManifestCompleted() to confirm 
        ' that the user wants to proceed.
        Dim appInfo As String = "Application Name: " & e.ProductName
        appInfo &= ControlChars.Lf & "Version: " & e.Version.ToString()
        appInfo &= ControlChars.Lf & "Support/Help Requests: "

        If Not (e.SupportUri Is Nothing) Then
            appInfo &= e.SupportUri.ToString()
        Else
            appInfo &= "N/A"
        End If

        appInfo &= ControlChars.Lf & ControlChars.Lf & _
            "Confirmed that this application can run with its requested permissions."

        ' If isFullTrust Then
        '    appInfo &= ControlChars.Lf & ControlChars.Lf & _
        '        "This application requires full trust in order to run."
        ' End If

        appInfo &= ControlChars.Lf & ControlChars.Lf & "Proceed with installation?"

        Dim dr As DialogResult = MessageBox.Show(appInfo, _
            "Confirm Application Install", MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel, MessageBoxIcon.Question)
        If dr <> System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.OK Then
            Return
        End If

        ' Download the deployment manifest. 
        ' Usually, this shouldn't throw an exception unless 
        ' AssertApplicationRequirements() failed, or you did not call that method
        ' before calling this one.
        Try
            iphm.DownloadApplicationAsync()
        Catch downloadEx As Exception
            MessageBox.Show("Cannot initiate download of application. Error: " & downloadEx.Message)
            Return
        End Try
    End Sub

#If 0 Then
    Private Function CheckForFullTrust(ByVal appManifest As XmlReader) As Boolean
        Dim isFullTrust As Boolean = False

        If (appManifest Is Nothing) Then
            Throw New ArgumentNullException("appManifest cannot be null.")
        End If

        Dim xaUnrestricted As XAttribute
        xaUnrestricted = XDocument.Load(appManifest) _
            .Element("{urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1}assembly") _
            .Element("{urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2}trustInfo") _
            .Element("{urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2}security") _
            .Element("{urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2}applicationRequestMinimum") _
            .Element("{urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2}PermissionSet") _
            .Attribute("Unrestricted")  ' Attributes never have a namespace


        If xaUnrestricted Then
            If xaUnrestricted.Value = "true" Then
                Return True
            End If
        End If

        Return False
    End Function
#End If

    Private Sub iphm_DownloadProgressChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs) Handles iphm.DownloadProgressChanged
        ' you can show percentage of task completed using e.ProgressPercentage
    End Sub

    Private Sub iphm_DownloadApplicationCompleted(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As DownloadApplicationCompletedEventArgs) Handles iphm.DownloadApplicationCompleted
        ' Check for an error.
        If (e.Error IsNot Nothing) Then
            ' Cancel download and install.
            MessageBox.Show("Could not download and install application. Error: " & e.Error.Message)
            Return
        End If

        ' Inform the user that their application is ready for use. 
        MessageBox.Show("Application installed! You may now run it from the Start menu.")
    End Sub

Para tentar a instalação a partir do seu código, chame o InstallApplication método. Por exemplo, se você nomeou sua classe MyInstaller, você pode chamar InstallApplication da seguinte maneira.

MyInstaller installer = new MyInstaller();
installer.InstallApplication(@"\\myServer\myShare\myApp.application");
MessageBox.Show("Installer object created.");

Dim installer As New MyInstaller()
installer.InstallApplication("\\myServer\myShare\myApp.application")
MessageBox.Show("Installer object created.")

Próximos passos

Um aplicativo ClickOnce também pode adicionar lógica de atualização personalizada, incluindo uma interface de usuário personalizada para mostrar durante o processo de atualização. Para obter mais informações, consulte UpdateCheckInfo. Um aplicativo ClickOnce também pode suprimir a entrada padrão do menu Iniciar, atalho e entrada Adicionar ou Remover Programas usando um <customUX> elemento . Para obter mais informações, consulte <elemento entryPoint> e ShortcutAppId.

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Last updated on 2025-12-12

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Passo a passo: Criar um instalador personalizado para um aplicativo ClickOnce

Pré-requisitos

Para criar um instalador de aplicativo ClickOnce personalizado

Próximos passos

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