将一个演示文稿中的段落移到另一个演示文稿中

本主题演示如何使用 Open XML SDK for Office 中的类以编程方式将段落从一个演示文稿移动到另一个演示文稿。

获取 PresentationDocument 对象

在 Open XML SDK 中 PresentationDocument ，类表示演示文稿文档包。若要处理演示文稿文档，请先创建类的 PresentationDocument 实例，然后使用该实例。若要从文档创建类实例， Open 请调用使用文件路径的方法，并使用布尔值作为第二个参数来指定文档是否可编辑。若要打开文档进行读/写，请指定此参数的值 true ，如以下 using 语句所示。在此代码中 sourceFile ，参数是一个字符串，表示要从中打开文档的文件的路径。

C#
Visual Basic

Using sourceDoc As PresentationDocument = PresentationDocument.Open(sourceFile, True)

在 v3.0.0+ 中， Close() 已删除方法，转而依赖于 using 语句。这可确保在 Dispose() 到达右大括号时自动调用方法。语句后面的 using 块为在语句中创建 using 或命名的对象建立作用域，在本例 sourceDoc中为。

基本演示文稿文档结构

文档的基本文档结构PresentationML由多个部分组成，其中包括包含表示定义的main部分。 ISO/IEC 29500 规范中的以下文本介绍了包的整体PresentationML形式。

包的main部分PresentationML以演示文稿根元素开头。该元素包含演示文稿，演示文稿又引用幻灯片 列表、幻灯片母版 列表、备注母版 列表和讲义母版 列表。幻灯片列表指的是演示文稿中的所有幻灯片；幻灯片母版列表指的是演示文稿中使用的全部幻灯片母版；备注母版包含有关备注页格式的信息；讲义母版描述讲义的外观。

讲义是可提供给访问群体 的一组打印的幻灯片。

除了文本和图形，每个幻灯片还可以包含注释和备注，可以具有布局，并且可以是一个或多个自定义演示文稿 的组成部分。注释是供维护演示文稿幻灯片平台的人员参考的批注。备注是供演示者或访问群体参考的提醒信息或一段文字。

文档可以包括以下其他功能 PresentationML ：动画、音频、视频和幻灯片之间的切换效果。

文档 PresentationML 不作为一个大正文存储在单个部件中。而实现某些功能组合的元素会存储在各个部件中。例如，文档中的所有作者都存储在一个作者部件中，而每个幻灯片都有自己的部分。

ISO/IEC 29500：2016

以下 XML 代码示例代表包含用 ID 267 和 256 表示的两个幻灯片的演示文稿。

    <p:presentation xmlns:p="…" … > 
       <p:sldMasterIdLst>
          <p:sldMasterId
             xmlns:rel="https://…/relationships" rel:id="rId1"/>
       </p:sldMasterIdLst>
       <p:notesMasterIdLst>
          <p:notesMasterId
             xmlns:rel="https://…/relationships" rel:id="rId4"/>
       </p:notesMasterIdLst>
       <p:handoutMasterIdLst>
          <p:handoutMasterId
             xmlns:rel="https://…/relationships" rel:id="rId5"/>
       </p:handoutMasterIdLst>
       <p:sldIdLst>
          <p:sldId id="267"
             xmlns:rel="https://…/relationships" rel:id="rId2"/>
          <p:sldId id="256"
             xmlns:rel="https://…/relationships" rel:id="rId3"/>
       </p:sldIdLst>
           <p:sldSz cx="9144000" cy="6858000"/>
       <p:notesSz cx="6858000" cy="9144000"/>
    </p:presentation>

使用 Open XML SDK，可以使用对应于 PresentationML 元素的强类型类创建文档结构和内容。可以在命名空间中找到 DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Presentation 这些类。下表列出了对应于、、 sldLayoutsldMaster和 notesMaster 元素的类的sld类名。

PresentationML 元素	Open XML SDK 类	说明
`<sld/>`	Slide	演示文稿幻灯片。它是 SlidePart 的根元素。
`<sldLayout/>`	SlideLayout	幻灯片版式。它是 SlideLayoutPart 的根元素。
`<sldMaster/>`	SlideMaster	幻灯片母版。它是 SlideMasterPart 的根元素。
`<notesMaster/>`	NotesMaster	备注母版（或讲义母版）。它是 NotesMasterPart 的根元素。

形状文本正文的结构

ISO/IEC 29500（该链接可能指向英文页面）规范中的以下信息介绍了此元素的结构。

此元素指定要在对应形状中包含的文本是否存在。此元素中包含所有可见文本和与可见文本相关的属性。可以存在多个段落，段落中可以存在多段连续文本。

© ISO/IEC 29500：2016

下表列出了形状文本正文的子元素以及每个元素的说明。

子元素	说明
bodyPr	正文属性
lstStyle	文本列表样式
p	文本段落

以下 XML 架构片段定义此元素的内容：

    <complexType name="CT_TextBody">
       <sequence>
           <element name="bodyPr" type="CT_TextBodyProperties" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
           <element name="lstStyle" type="CT_TextListStyle" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
           <element name="p" type="CT_TextParagraph" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
       </sequence>
    </complexType>

示例代码的工作方式

本主题中的代码由两种方法 MoveParagraphToPresentation 和 GetFirstSlide组成。第一个方法采用两个字符串参数：一个表示包含要移动的段落的源文件；另一个表示要将段落移动到的目标文件。方法打开两个演示文稿文件，然后调用 GetFirstSlide 方法以获取每个文件中的第一张幻灯片。然后，它获取每张幻灯片中的第一个 TextBody 形状和源形状中的第一段。它执行源段落的， deep clone 不仅复制源 Paragraph 对象本身，还复制该对象中包含的所有内容，包括其文本。然后在目标文件中插入克隆的段落，并从源文件中删除源段落，用占位符段落代替。最后，保存两个演示文稿中修改的幻灯片。

C#
Visual Basic

// Moves a paragraph range in a TextBody shape in the source document
// to another TextBody shape in the target document.
static void MoveParagraphToPresentation(string sourceFile, string targetFile)
{
    // Open the source file as read/write.
    using (PresentationDocument sourceDoc = PresentationDocument.Open(sourceFile, true))
    // </Snippet1
    // Open the target file as read/write.
    using (PresentationDocument targetDoc = PresentationDocument.Open(targetFile, true))
    {
        // Get the first slide in the source presentation.
        SlidePart slide1 = GetFirstSlide(sourceDoc);

        // Get the first TextBody shape in it.
        TextBody textBody1 = slide1.Slide.Descendants<TextBody>().First();

        // Get the first paragraph in the TextBody shape.
        // Note: "Drawing" is the alias of namespace DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing
        Drawing.Paragraph p1 = textBody1.Elements<Drawing.Paragraph>().First();

        // Get the first slide in the target presentation.
        SlidePart slide2 = GetFirstSlide(targetDoc);

        // Get the first TextBody shape in it.
        TextBody textBody2 = slide2.Slide.Descendants<TextBody>().First();

        // Clone the source paragraph and insert the cloned. paragraph into the target TextBody shape.
        // Passing "true" creates a deep clone, which creates a copy of the 
        // Paragraph object and everything directly or indirectly referenced by that object.
        textBody2.Append(p1.CloneNode(true));

        // Remove the source paragraph from the source file.
        textBody1.RemoveChild(p1);

        // Replace the removed paragraph with a placeholder.
        textBody1.AppendChild(new Drawing.Paragraph());
    }
}

' Moves a paragraph range in a TextBody shape in the source document
' to another TextBody shape in the target document.
Sub MoveParagraphToPresentation(sourceFile As String, targetFile As String)
    ' Open the source file as read/write.
    Using sourceDoc As PresentationDocument = PresentationDocument.Open(sourceFile, True)
        ' Open the target file as read/write.
        Using targetDoc As PresentationDocument = PresentationDocument.Open(targetFile, True)
            ' Get the first slide in the source presentation.
            Dim slide1 As SlidePart = GetFirstSlide(sourceDoc)

            ' Get the first TextBody shape in it.
            Dim textBody1 As TextBody = slide1.Slide.Descendants(Of TextBody)().First()

            ' Get the first paragraph in the TextBody shape.
            ' Note: "Drawing" is the alias of namespace DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing
            Dim p1 As Drawing.Paragraph = textBody1.Elements(Of Drawing.Paragraph)().First()

            ' Get the first slide in the target presentation.
            Dim slide2 As SlidePart = GetFirstSlide(targetDoc)

            ' Get the first TextBody shape in it.
            Dim textBody2 As TextBody = slide2.Slide.Descendants(Of TextBody)().First()

            ' Clone the source paragraph and insert the cloned paragraph into the target TextBody shape.
            ' Passing "true" creates a deep clone, which creates a copy of the 
            ' Paragraph object and everything directly or indirectly referenced by that object.
            textBody2.Append(p1.CloneNode(True))

            ' Remove the source paragraph from the source file.
            textBody1.RemoveChild(p1)

            ' Replace the removed paragraph with a placeholder.
            textBody1.AppendChild(New Drawing.Paragraph())
        End Using
    End Using
End Sub

方法 GetFirstSlide 获取传入的对象 PresentationDocument ，获取其演示文稿部件，然后获取其幻灯片列表中的第一张幻灯片的 ID。然后获取该幻灯片的关系 ID，根据关系 ID 获取幻灯片部件，并将幻灯片部件返回到调用方法。

C#
Visual Basic

// Get the slide part of the first slide in the presentation document.
static SlidePart GetFirstSlide(PresentationDocument presentationDocument)
{
    // Get relationship ID of the first slide
    PresentationPart part = presentationDocument.PresentationPart ?? presentationDocument.AddPresentationPart();
    SlideIdList slideIdList = part.Presentation.SlideIdList ?? part.Presentation.AppendChild(new SlideIdList());
    SlideId slideId = part.Presentation.SlideIdList?.GetFirstChild<SlideId>() ?? slideIdList.AppendChild<SlideId>(new SlideId());
    string? relId = slideId.RelationshipId;

    if (relId is null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(relId));
    }

    // Get the slide part by the relationship ID.
    SlidePart slidePart = (SlidePart)part.GetPartById(relId);

    return slidePart;
}

' Get the slide part of the first slide in the presentation document.
Function GetFirstSlide(presentationDocument As PresentationDocument) As SlidePart
    ' Get relationship ID of the first slide
    Dim part As PresentationPart = If(presentationDocument.PresentationPart, presentationDocument.AddPresentationPart())
    Dim slideIdList As SlideIdList = If(part.Presentation.SlideIdList, part.Presentation.AppendChild(New SlideIdList()))
    Dim slideId As SlideId = If(part.Presentation.SlideIdList?.GetFirstChild(Of SlideId)(), slideIdList.AppendChild(New SlideId()))
    Dim relId As String = slideId.RelationshipId

    If relId Is Nothing Then
        Throw New ArgumentNullException(NameOf(relId))
    End If

    ' Get the slide part by the relationship ID.
    Dim slidePart As SlidePart = CType(part.GetPartById(relId), SlidePart)

    Return slidePart
End Function

示例代码

以下是使用 C# 和 Visual Basic 编写的完整示例代码。

C#
Visual Basic

// Moves a paragraph range in a TextBody shape in the source document
// to another TextBody shape in the target document.
static void MoveParagraphToPresentation(string sourceFile, string targetFile)
{
    // Open the source file as read/write.
    using (PresentationDocument sourceDoc = PresentationDocument.Open(sourceFile, true))
    // </Snippet1
    // Open the target file as read/write.
    using (PresentationDocument targetDoc = PresentationDocument.Open(targetFile, true))
    {
        // Get the first slide in the source presentation.
        SlidePart slide1 = GetFirstSlide(sourceDoc);

        // Get the first TextBody shape in it.
        TextBody textBody1 = slide1.Slide.Descendants<TextBody>().First();

        // Get the first paragraph in the TextBody shape.
        // Note: "Drawing" is the alias of namespace DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing
        Drawing.Paragraph p1 = textBody1.Elements<Drawing.Paragraph>().First();

        // Get the first slide in the target presentation.
        SlidePart slide2 = GetFirstSlide(targetDoc);

        // Get the first TextBody shape in it.
        TextBody textBody2 = slide2.Slide.Descendants<TextBody>().First();

        // Clone the source paragraph and insert the cloned. paragraph into the target TextBody shape.
        // Passing "true" creates a deep clone, which creates a copy of the 
        // Paragraph object and everything directly or indirectly referenced by that object.
        textBody2.Append(p1.CloneNode(true));

        // Remove the source paragraph from the source file.
        textBody1.RemoveChild(p1);

        // Replace the removed paragraph with a placeholder.
        textBody1.AppendChild(new Drawing.Paragraph());
    }
}
// Get the slide part of the first slide in the presentation document.
static SlidePart GetFirstSlide(PresentationDocument presentationDocument)
{
    // Get relationship ID of the first slide
    PresentationPart part = presentationDocument.PresentationPart ?? presentationDocument.AddPresentationPart();
    SlideIdList slideIdList = part.Presentation.SlideIdList ?? part.Presentation.AppendChild(new SlideIdList());
    SlideId slideId = part.Presentation.SlideIdList?.GetFirstChild<SlideId>() ?? slideIdList.AppendChild<SlideId>(new SlideId());
    string? relId = slideId.RelationshipId;

    if (relId is null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(relId));
    }

    // Get the slide part by the relationship ID.
    SlidePart slidePart = (SlidePart)part.GetPartById(relId);

    return slidePart;
}

' Moves a paragraph range in a TextBody shape in the source document
' to another TextBody shape in the target document.
Sub MoveParagraphToPresentation(sourceFile As String, targetFile As String)
    ' Open the source file as read/write.
    Using sourceDoc As PresentationDocument = PresentationDocument.Open(sourceFile, True)
        ' Open the target file as read/write.
        Using targetDoc As PresentationDocument = PresentationDocument.Open(targetFile, True)
            ' Get the first slide in the source presentation.
            Dim slide1 As SlidePart = GetFirstSlide(sourceDoc)

            ' Get the first TextBody shape in it.
            Dim textBody1 As TextBody = slide1.Slide.Descendants(Of TextBody)().First()

            ' Get the first paragraph in the TextBody shape.
            ' Note: "Drawing" is the alias of namespace DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing
            Dim p1 As Drawing.Paragraph = textBody1.Elements(Of Drawing.Paragraph)().First()

            ' Get the first slide in the target presentation.
            Dim slide2 As SlidePart = GetFirstSlide(targetDoc)

            ' Get the first TextBody shape in it.
            Dim textBody2 As TextBody = slide2.Slide.Descendants(Of TextBody)().First()

            ' Clone the source paragraph and insert the cloned paragraph into the target TextBody shape.
            ' Passing "true" creates a deep clone, which creates a copy of the 
            ' Paragraph object and everything directly or indirectly referenced by that object.
            textBody2.Append(p1.CloneNode(True))

            ' Remove the source paragraph from the source file.
            textBody1.RemoveChild(p1)

            ' Replace the removed paragraph with a placeholder.
            textBody1.AppendChild(New Drawing.Paragraph())
        End Using
    End Using
End Sub
' Get the slide part of the first slide in the presentation document.
Function GetFirstSlide(presentationDocument As PresentationDocument) As SlidePart
    ' Get relationship ID of the first slide
    Dim part As PresentationPart = If(presentationDocument.PresentationPart, presentationDocument.AddPresentationPart())
    Dim slideIdList As SlideIdList = If(part.Presentation.SlideIdList, part.Presentation.AppendChild(New SlideIdList()))
    Dim slideId As SlideId = If(part.Presentation.SlideIdList?.GetFirstChild(Of SlideId)(), slideIdList.AppendChild(New SlideId()))
    Dim relId As String = slideId.RelationshipId

    If relId Is Nothing Then
        Throw New ArgumentNullException(NameOf(relId))
    End If

    ' Get the slide part by the relationship ID.
    Dim slidePart As SlidePart = CType(part.GetPartById(relId), SlidePart)

    Return slidePart
End Function

另请参阅

Open XML SDK 类库参考

Last updated on 2025-01-21

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