更新：2007 年 11 月
身為網頁開發人員，您可以藉由使用 ScriptManager 和 ScriptManagerProxy 伺服器控制項，以管理瀏覽器記錄項目並提供邏輯巡覽。當中的 ScriptManager 伺服器控制項還可以讓您在應用程式中設定記錄點。在因為某些記錄狀態而產生 Web 網頁要求時，這兩個控制項都可以讓您處理這時所發生的巡覽作業。
「記錄點」(History Point) 是 Web 應用程式中的邏輯巡覽點，可以透過狀態資訊來表示。狀態資訊可以用來將 Web 應用程式還原到先前的狀態，方法可以是直接使用狀態資料，或者是透過儲存在其他地方的狀態資訊識別項。
記錄點在瀏覽器記錄堆疊中僅可以 URL 的方式進行儲存。記錄狀態則是透過查詢字串中的資料，或者是以 "#" 字元標記的 URL 片段值的方式來管理。因為 URL 具有大小的限制，所以您建立的狀態資訊絕對不能太大。下列範例所示範的 URL 中，包含足夠的記錄點資料來識別狀態。有了這些資訊，應用程式便可以此狀態重建頁面。
http://MySamples/Ajax/Default.aspx#&&state=2
在使用者按一下瀏覽器的 [上一頁] 按鈕時，瀏覽器會在先前檢視過的 URL 間移動，這當中包含具有記錄點狀態的 URL。Web 網頁中的用戶端程式碼會偵測 URL 包含的記錄狀態資料，並在要求該網頁的同時傳遞狀態資訊。網頁在處理要求時，會讀取記錄狀態資訊並觸發非同步的回傳。ScriptManager 和 ScriptManagerProxy 伺服器控制項接著會引發 Navigate 事件。您可以處理這個事件，並依 Web 應用程式的需要重新建立網頁。
.gif "注意事項") 注意事項： |
|---|
若要建置這個主題中的範例程式碼，您必須具有 Visual Studio 2008 Service Pack 1 (含) 以後版本。 |
ScriptManager 和 ScriptManagerProxy 控制項語法
下列範例所顯示的 ScriptManager 伺服器控制項語法，用於處理瀏覽器記錄。
<asp:ScriptManager
EnableHistory="true|false"
EnableStateHash="true|false"
OnNavigate="navigateEventhandlerName">
</asp:ScriptManager>
啟用瀏覽器記錄管理
為了要使用記錄管理，您必須透過 ScriptManager 伺服器控制項啟用記錄管理。記錄支援預設為不啟用。在啟用的情況下，記錄的實作方式會依每個瀏覽器而不同。對於 Internet Explorer，會呈現 iframe 項目給瀏覽器，這樣會對伺服器提出其他的要求。因此該模型是一種宣告加入 (opt-in) 方法。下列範例顯示如何透過 ScriptManager 控制項，以宣告方式啟用記錄。
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1"
EnableHistory="true" />
建立瀏覽器記錄點
若要建立瀏覽器記錄點，您可以呼叫 ScriptManager 控制項的 AddHistoryPoint 方法。這個方法可以讓您定義伺服器狀態和索引鍵，以及用於表示瀏覽器記錄項目標題的選擇性資料。在引發後續的記錄巡覽事件時，您可以使用狀態資料以重新建立網頁的狀態。建立記錄點時，預設會將經過序列化和加密的資料附加到 Web 網頁的 URL。產生的 URL 會加入到瀏覽器記錄堆疊中。
| 注意事項： |
|---|
加入記錄點只是用於回應使用者的動作，例如按一下選取範圍。通常不會僅因為執行應用程式程式碼而加入記錄點。 |
下列範例使用 UpdatePanel 控制項啟用網頁的非同步回傳。ScriptManager 控制項是在觸發非同步回傳的按鈕的 Click 事件處理常式期間，用來加入記錄點的。當您按一下瀏覽器的 [上一頁] 按鈕時，並不是離開 Web 網頁，而是在網頁先前的記錄狀態間巡覽。
執行此功能的範例。
<%@ Page Language="VB" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Globalization" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Collections.Generic" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script >
Private Shared key As String = "s"
' Handle the Navigate event
Public Sub OnNavigateHistory(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As HistoryEventArgs)
LabelHistoryData.Text = Server.HtmlEncode(e.State(key))
End Sub
' On button click, handle the event and set a history point.
Public Sub ButtonClick(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
LabelHistoryData.Text = CType(sender, Button).Text
ScriptManager.GetCurrent(Me).AddHistoryPoint(key, LabelHistoryData.Text)
End Sub
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head id="Head1" >
<title>Microsoft ASP.NET 3.5 Extensions: Managing History</title>
<link href="../../include/qsstyle.css" type="text/css" rel="Stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" >
<div>
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" OnNavigate="OnNavigateHistory"
EnableHistory="true" EnableSecureHistoryState="false" />
<h2>
Microsoft ASP.NET 3.5 Extensions: Adding Server-side Browser History Points</h2>
<p/>
<div id="Div1" class="new">
<p>This sample shows:</p>
<ol>
<li>How to use the <code>ScriptManager</code> control to set a history point.</li>
<li>The <code>ScriptManager</code> control, the <code>EnableHistory</code> and
<code>EnableSecureHistoryState</code> properties and
the <code>OnNavigate</code> property to handle the <code>navigate</code>event.<br />
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<p>
In this example, three buttons outside the <code>UpdatePanel</code> control can
trigger an asynchronous postback. You can see the results of the update through
the date and time that renders in the Web page along with a value indicating the
button that triggered the partial refresh.</p>
<p>
When you press a button, the server-side <code>Click</code> event handler for the button
stores data and uses the data as a history point. If you click the browser's Back button,
you will see the state Web page return to a previous button value, representing the previous
button you pressed. However, you will see that the time within the Web page continues to be
incremented.
</p>
<p>To see the effect of this logic, do the following.</p>
<ol>
<li>Press <b>1</b>. See the panel refresh.</li>
<li>Press <b>3</b>. See the panel refresh.</li>
<li>Press <b>2</b>. See the panel refresh.</li>
<li>Press the browser's Back button. Note that the panel is refreshed with previous
data, but the date and time are updated to current values.</li>
</ol>
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" >
<Triggers>
<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="Button1" EventName="Click" />
<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="Button2" EventName="Click" />
<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="Button3" EventName="Click" />
</Triggers>
<ContentTemplate>
<asp:Panel CssClass="box" ID="Content" Height="40px">
Date and Time:
<%= DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString() %>
<br />
Page's refresh state:
<asp:Label ID="LabelHistoryData" />
</asp:Panel>
</ContentTemplate>
</asp:UpdatePanel>
<p />
<asp:Button ID="Button1" Text="Key 1" OnClick="ButtonClick" />
<asp:Button ID="Button2" Text="Key 2" OnClick="ButtonClick" />
<asp:Button ID="Button3" Text="Key 3" OnClick="ButtonClick" />
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Globalization" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Collections.Generic" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script >
private static String key = "s";
// Handle the Navigate event
public void OnNavigateHistory(object sender, HistoryEventArgs e) {
LabelHistoryData.Text = Server.HtmlEncode(e.State[key]);
}
// On button click, handle the event and set a history point.
public void ButtonClick(object sender, EventArgs e) {
LabelHistoryData.Text = ((Button)sender).Text;
ScriptManager.GetCurrent(this).AddHistoryPoint(key, LabelHistoryData.Text);
}
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head id="Head1" >
<title>Microsoft ASP.NET 3.5 Extensions: Managing History</title>
<link href="../../include/qsstyle.css" type="text/css" rel="Stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" >
<div>
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" OnNavigate="OnNavigateHistory"
EnableHistory="true" EnableSecureHistoryState="false" />
<h2>
Microsoft ASP.NET 3.5 Extensions: Adding Server-side Browser History Points</h2>
<p/>
<div id="Div1" class="new">
<p>This sample shows:</p>
<ol>
<li>How to use the <code>ScriptManager</code> control to set a history point.</li>
<li>The <code>ScriptManager</code> control, the <code>EnableHistory</code> and
<code>EnableSecureHistoryState</code> properties and
the <code>OnNavigate</code> property to handle the <code>navigate</code>event.<br />
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<p>
In this example, three buttons outside the <code>UpdatePanel</code> control can
trigger an asynchronous postback. You can see the results of the update through
the date and time that renders in the Web page along with a value indicating the
button that triggered the partial refresh.</p>
<p>
When you press a button, the server-side <code>Click</code> event handler for the button
stores data and uses the data as a history point. If you click the browser's Back button,
you will see the state Web page return to a previous button value, representing the previous
button you pressed. However, you will see that the time within the Web page continues to be
incremented.
</p>
<p>To see the effect of this logic, do the following.</p>
<ol>
<li>Press <b>1</b>. See the panel refresh.</li>
<li>Press <b>3</b>. See the panel refresh.</li>
<li>Press <b>2</b>. See the panel refresh.</li>
<li>Press the browser's Back button. Note that the panel is refreshed with previous
data, but the date and time are updated to current values.</li>
</ol>
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" >
<Triggers>
<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="Button1" EventName="Click" />
<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="Button2" EventName="Click" />
<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="Button3" EventName="Click" />
</Triggers>
<ContentTemplate>
<asp:Panel CssClass="box" ID="Content" Height="40px">
Date and Time:
<%= DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString() %>
<br />
Page's refresh state:
<asp:Label ID="LabelHistoryData" />
</asp:Panel>
</ContentTemplate>
</asp:UpdatePanel>
<p />
<asp:Button ID="Button1" Text="Key 1" OnClick="ButtonClick" />
<asp:Button ID="Button2" Text="Key 2" OnClick="ButtonClick" />
<asp:Button ID="Button3" Text="Key 3" OnClick="ButtonClick" />
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
處理伺服器的要求
在要求中偵測到伺服器狀態時，就會引發 Navigate 事件。這看起來好像是對伺服器的非同步回傳。如果必須要判斷回傳的發生是基於巡覽作業還是某個其他的原因，您可以讀取 IsNavigating 屬性。如果這個屬性是設定為 true，則回傳是源自於巡覽呼叫而發生。
下列範例會顯示 UpdatePanel 控制項內的 Wizard 伺服器控制項。這個範例會在使用者巡覽精靈時，讓 Wizard 控制項執行非同步回傳。在範例中，程式碼會在巡覽到精靈的步驟時加入記錄點。
執行此功能的範例。
<%@ Page Language="VB" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script >
Private Shared stepKey As String = "s"
Protected Sub OnNavigateHistory(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal args As HistoryEventArgs)
Dim stateString As String = args.State(stepKey)
Dim [step] As Integer = If(stateString IsNot Nothing, Integer.Parse(stateString), 0)
MachineConfiguratorWizard.ActiveStepIndex = [step]
End Sub
Protected Sub OnActiveStepChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
If Not ScriptManager1.IsNavigating AndAlso IsPostBack Then
Dim index As Integer = MachineConfiguratorWizard.ActiveStepIndex
ScriptManager1.AddHistoryPoint(stepKey, index.ToString(), "Step " + (index + 1).ToString())
End If
End Sub
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head id="Head1" >
<title>Microsoft ASP.NET 3.5 Extensions: Managing History</title>
<link href="../../include/qsstyle.css" type="text/css" rel="Stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
<div>
<form id="form1" >
<div>
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" OnNavigate="OnNavigateHistory"
EnableHistory="true" EnableSecureHistoryState="false" />
<h2>
Microsoft ASP.NET 3.5 Extensions: Adding Server-side Browser History Points</h2>
<p/>
<div id="Div1" class="new">
<p>This sample shows:</p>
<ol>
<li>How to use the <code>ScriptManager</code> control to set a history point.</li>
<li>The <code>ScriptManager</code> control, the <code>EnableHistory</code> and
<code>EnableSecureHistoryState</code> properties and
the <code>OnNavigate</code> property to handle the <code>navigate</code> event.
</li>
<li>Protecting the history code with <code>IsNavigating</code>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<p>
In this example, the <code>Wizard</code> server control provides it's own navigation, but
as each step is selected a history point is added. In order to do this, a history point is only added if the page is not being refreshed beacuse of a history point.</p>
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="WizardPanel">
<ContentTemplate>
<asp:Wizard ID="MachineConfiguratorWizard" ActiveStepIndex="0" BackColor="#dddddd"
BorderWidth="10" CellPadding="10" CellSpacing="10" Height="200px" Width="700px"
FinishPreviousButtonText="<" StartNextButtonText=">" StepNextButtonText=">" StepPreviousButtonText="<"
FinishCompleteButtonText="<|>" OnActiveStepChanged="OnActiveStepChanged">
<WizardSteps>
<asp:WizardStep ID="Step1" Title="Step 1">
<h2>
STEP 1</h2>
<br />
</asp:WizardStep>
<asp:WizardStep ID="Step2" Title="Step 2">
<h2>
STEP 2</h2>
<br />
</asp:WizardStep>
<asp:WizardStep ID="Step3" Title="Step 3">
<h2>
STEP 3</h2>
<br />
</asp:WizardStep>
</WizardSteps>
<StepStyle Font-Names="tahoma" Font-Size="Smaller" VerticalAlign="Top" />
<SideBarStyle Font-Size="Small" VerticalAlign="Top" BackColor="#FFFFC0" Font-Names="tahoma" />
<FinishPreviousButtonStyle BackColor="White" BorderColor="Black" BorderWidth="3px"
Font-Names="Tahoma" Font-Size="Medium" />
<NavigationButtonStyle BackColor="White" BorderColor="Black" BorderStyle="Solid"
BorderWidth="3px" Font-Names="Tahoma" Font-Size="Medium" />
<FinishCompleteButtonStyle Font-Names="Tahoma" Font-Size="Medium" />
</asp:Wizard>
</ContentTemplate>
</asp:UpdatePanel>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script >
private static readonly string stepKey = "s";
protected void OnNavigateHistory(object sender, HistoryEventArgs args)
{
string stateString = args.State[stepKey];
int step = (stateString != null) ? int.Parse(stateString) : 0;
MachineConfiguratorWizard.ActiveStepIndex = step;
}
protected void OnActiveStepChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (!ScriptManager1.IsNavigating && IsPostBack) {
int index = MachineConfiguratorWizard.ActiveStepIndex;
ScriptManager1.AddHistoryPoint(stepKey, index.ToString(), "Step " + (index+1).ToString());
}
}
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head id="Head1" >
<title>Microsoft ASP.NET 3.5 Extensions: Managing History</title>
<link href="../../include/qsstyle.css" type="text/css" rel="Stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
<div>
<form id="form1" >
<div>
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" OnNavigate="OnNavigateHistory"
EnableHistory="true" EnableSecureHistoryState="false" />
<h2>
Microsoft ASP.NET 3.5 Extensions: Adding Server-side Browser History Points</h2>
<p/>
<div id="Div1" class="new">
<p>This sample shows:</p>
<ol>
<li>How to use the <code>ScriptManager</code> control to set a history point.</li>
<li>The <code>ScriptManager</code> control, the <code>EnableHistory</code> and
<code>EnableSecureHistoryState</code> properties and
the <code>OnNavigate</code> property to handle the <code>navigate</code> event.
</li>
<li>Protecting the history code with <code>IsNavigating</code>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<p>
In this example, the <code>Wizard</code> server control provides it's own navigation, but
as each step is selected a history point is added. In order to do this, a history point is only added if the page is not being refreshed beacuse of a history point.</p>
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="WizardPanel">
<ContentTemplate>
<asp:Wizard ID="MachineConfiguratorWizard" ActiveStepIndex="0" BackColor="#dddddd"
BorderWidth="10" CellPadding="10" CellSpacing="10" Height="200px" Width="700px"
FinishPreviousButtonText="<" StartNextButtonText=">" StepNextButtonText=">" StepPreviousButtonText="<"
FinishCompleteButtonText="<|>" OnActiveStepChanged="OnActiveStepChanged">
<WizardSteps>
<asp:WizardStep ID="Step1" Title="Step 1">
<h2>
STEP 1</h2>
<br />
</asp:WizardStep>
<asp:WizardStep ID="Step2" Title="Step 2">
<h2>
STEP 2</h2>
<br />
</asp:WizardStep>
<asp:WizardStep ID="Step3" Title="Step 3">
<h2>
STEP 3</h2>
<br />
</asp:WizardStep>
</WizardSteps>
<StepStyle Font-Names="tahoma" Font-Size="Smaller" VerticalAlign="Top" />
<SideBarStyle Font-Size="Small" VerticalAlign="Top" BackColor="#FFFFC0" Font-Names="tahoma" />
<FinishPreviousButtonStyle BackColor="White" BorderColor="Black" BorderWidth="3px"
Font-Names="Tahoma" Font-Size="Medium" />
<NavigationButtonStyle BackColor="White" BorderColor="Black" BorderStyle="Solid"
BorderWidth="3px" Font-Names="Tahoma" Font-Size="Medium" />
<FinishCompleteButtonStyle Font-Names="Tahoma" Font-Size="Medium" />
</asp:Wizard>
</ContentTemplate>
</asp:UpdatePanel>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
URL 和伺服器記錄狀態
在建立記錄點時，需要決定為記錄點狀態儲存哪些資訊。您至少必須儲存用於識別應用程式狀態的索引鍵/值組。您也可以決定儲存其他的索引鍵/值組。然而，因為這些資訊是儲存在 URL 中，而 URL 具有大小限制 (這是由瀏覽器所決定)，所以請只要儲存在重新建立狀態時所需的資訊。
依據您針對 ScriptManager 伺服器控制項的 EnableHistory 屬性所定義的設定，URL 中的伺服器狀態資訊可以是雜湊格式或未雜湊格式。
URL 中記錄狀態的分隔是使用 # 字元 (片段分隔符號)。狀態資訊則是跟隨在 "&&" 分隔符號後，如下列範例所示：
Default.aspx#&&s=Key+2
將 EnableHistory 設定為 true 時，會先加密記錄狀態片段，然後才附加到 Web 網頁的 URL 中。這會讓攻擊者較難變更狀態資料，進而增加安全性。然而，即使資訊經過加密，還是請勿將敏感性資料儲存在狀態欄位中。
請注意，雜湊狀態資訊所建立的 URL 是很長的，而且對使用者來說是不具意義的資訊。
為記錄點加入標題
瀏覽器記錄堆疊中的項目，通常是以該項目的網頁標題來識別的。若要查看範例，請使用瀏覽器的記錄清單，檢視您最近造訪的網頁標題 (您通常可以藉由使用 URL 網址方塊的下拉式清單來查看清單)。
建立應用程式的記錄點項目時，預設會使用網頁標題來識別該項目。如果從相同網頁加入多個記錄點，根據預設，所有的項目都會有相同的標題。
然而，您可以為個別的記錄項目提供有意義的標題。您可以在伺服端程式碼中，藉由呼叫 AddHistoryPoint 方法，在建立記錄點時包含標題資訊。
下列範例會藉由包含標題項目，顯示先前範例的變化形式。
執行此功能的範例。
<%@ Page Language="VB" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Globalization" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Collections.Generic" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script >
Private Shared key As String = "s"
' Handle the Navigate event
Public Sub OnNavigateHistory(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As HistoryEventArgs)
LabelHistoryData.Text = Server.HtmlEncode(e.State(key))
End Sub
' On button click, handle the event and set a history point.
Public Sub ButtonClick(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
LabelHistoryData.Text = CType(sender, Button).Text
ScriptManager.GetCurrent(Me).AddHistoryPoint(key, LabelHistoryData.Text, "Entry: " + LabelHistoryData.Text)
End Sub
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head id="Head1" >
<title>Microsoft ASP.NET 3.5 Extensions: Managing History</title>
<link href="../../include/qsstyle.css" type="text/css" rel="Stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" >
<div>
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" OnNavigate="OnNavigateHistory"
EnableHistory="true" EnableSecureHistoryState="false" />
<h2>
Microsoft ASP.NET 3.5 Extensions: Adding Server-side Browser History Points</h2>
<p/>
<div id="Div1" class="new">
<p>This sample shows:</p>
<ol>
<li>How to use the <code>ScriptManager</code> control to set a history point.</li>
<li>The <code>ScriptManager</code> control, the <code>EnableHistory</code> and
<code>EnableSecureHistoryState</code> properties and
the <code>OnNavigate</code> property to handle the <code>navigate</code>event.<br />
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<p>
In this example, three buttons outside the <code>UpdatePanel</code> control can
trigger an asynchronous postback. You can see the results of the update through
the date and time that renders in the Web page along with a value indicating the
button that triggered the partial refresh.</p>
<p>
When you press a button, the server-side <code>Click</code> event handler for the button
stores data and uses the data as a history point. If you click the browser's Back button,
you will see the state Web page return to a previous button value, representing the previous
button you pressed. However, you will see that the time within the Web page continues to be
incremented.
</p>
<p>To see the effect of this logic, do the following.</p>
<ol>
<li>Press <b>1</b>. See the panel refresh.</li>
<li>Press <b>3</b>. See the panel refresh.</li>
<li>Press <b>2</b>. See the panel refresh.</li>
<li>Press the browser's Back button. Note that the panel is refreshed with previous
data, but the date and time are updated to current values.</li>
</ol>
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" >
<Triggers>
<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="Button1" EventName="Click" />
<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="Button2" EventName="Click" />
<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="Button3" EventName="Click" />
</Triggers>
<ContentTemplate>
<asp:Panel CssClass="box" ID="Content" Height="40px">
Date and Time:
<%= DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString() %>
<br />
Page's refresh state:
<asp:Label ID="LabelHistoryData" />
</asp:Panel>
</ContentTemplate>
</asp:UpdatePanel>
<p />
<asp:Button ID="Button1" Text="Key 1" OnClick="ButtonClick" />
<asp:Button ID="Button2" Text="Key 2" OnClick="ButtonClick" />
<asp:Button ID="Button3" Text="Key 3" OnClick="ButtonClick" />
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Globalization" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Collections.Generic" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script >
private static String key = "s";
// Handle the Navigate event
public void OnNavigateHistory(object sender, HistoryEventArgs e) {
LabelHistoryData.Text = Server.HtmlEncode(e.State[key]);
}
// On button click, handle the event and set a history point.
public void ButtonClick(object sender, EventArgs e) {
LabelHistoryData.Text = ((Button)sender).Text;
ScriptManager.GetCurrent(this).AddHistoryPoint(key, LabelHistoryData.Text, "Entry: " + LabelHistoryData.Text);
}
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head id="Head1" >
<title>Microsoft ASP.NET 3.5 Extensions: Managing History</title>
<link href="../../include/qsstyle.css" type="text/css" rel="Stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" >
<div>
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" OnNavigate="OnNavigateHistory"
EnableHistory="true" EnableSecureHistoryState="false" />
<h2>
Microsoft ASP.NET 3.5 Extensions: Adding Server-side Browser History Points and Title Entries</h2>
<p/>
<div id="Div1" class="new">
<p>This sample shows:</p>
<ol>
<li>How to use the <code>ScriptManager</code> control to set a history point and add titles.</li>
<li>The <code>ScriptManager</code> control, the <code>EnableHistory</code> and
<code>EnableSecureHistoryState</code> properties and
the <code>OnNavigate</code> property to handle the <code>navigate</code>event.<br />
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<p>
In this example, three buttons outside the <code>UpdatePanel</code> control can
trigger an asynchronous postback. You can see the results of the update through
the date and time that renders in the Web page along with a value indicating the
button that triggered the partial refresh.</p>
<p>
When you press a button, the server-side <code>Click</code> event handler for the button
stores data and uses the data as a history point. If you click the browser's Back button,
you will see the state Web page return to a previous button value, representing the previous
button you pressed. However, you will see that the time within the Web page continues to be
incremented.
</p>
<p>To see the effect of this logic, do the following.</p>
<ol>
<li>Press <b>1</b>. See the panel refresh.</li>
<li>Press <b>3</b>. See the panel refresh.</li>
<li>Press <b>2</b>. See the panel refresh.</li>
<li>Press the browser's Back button. Note that the panel is refreshed with previous
data, but the date and time are updated to current values.</li>
<li>Press the browser's "Recent Pages" drop down menu and review the history entries and their titles.</li>
</ol>
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" >
<Triggers>
<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="Button1" EventName="Click" />
<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="Button2" EventName="Click" />
<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="Button3" EventName="Click" />
</Triggers>
<ContentTemplate>
<asp:Panel CssClass="box" ID="Content" Height="40px">
Date and Time:
<%= DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString() %>
<br />
Page's refresh state:
<asp:Label ID="LabelHistoryData" />
</asp:Panel>
</ContentTemplate>
</asp:UpdatePanel>
<p />
<asp:Button ID="Button1" Text="Key 1" OnClick="ButtonClick" />
<asp:Button ID="Button2" Text="Key 2" OnClick="ButtonClick" />
<asp:Button ID="Button3" Text="Key 3" OnClick="ButtonClick" />
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>