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HOW TO:在 Calendar 控制項中顯示來自資料庫的選取日期

更新:2007 年 11 月

Calendar 控制項不直接支援資料繫結 (Data Binding);也就是說,您不能將日曆整個繫結至資料來源。您必須改為撰寫程式碼來取得所需資料,然後在 DayRender 事件中,將目前呈現的日期和讀取自資料來源的資料進行比較。

若要在 Calendar 控制項中顯示資料庫資料

  1. 使用 ADO.NET 型別連接到資料庫,然後查詢要顯示的日期。

  2. 在 Calendar 控制項的 DayRender 事件中,將目前呈現的日期和取自資料來源的資料進行比較。如果有相符項目,則自訂該日的顯示方式。

範例

下列範例會將資料庫中的假日資訊讀入 ADO.NET 資料集 (Dataset)。接著會進行選取以取得當月的日期範圍,這個範圍是根據 Calendar 控制項的 VisibleDate 屬性來定義 (此屬性會傳回當月的第一個日期)。每當使用者巡覽至新的月份時,程式碼就會讀取該月份的假日。在 DayRender 事件中,程式碼會將目前呈現的日期和從資料庫傳回的日期進行比較。如果有日期相符,就會以特殊色彩標記該日。

注意事項:

您必須將 OnDayRender 屬性加入至 Calendar 控制項標記,以使用 DayRender 事件。例如,您的程式碼看起來應該像這個樣子:

<asp:Calendar id="Calendar1" OnDayRender=" Calendar1_DayRender"  ></asp:Calendar>
Protected dsHolidays As DataSet

Protected Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As Object, _
        ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load
    If Not IsPostBack Then
        Calendar1.VisibleDate = DateTime.Today
        FillHolidayDataset()
    End If
End Sub

Protected Sub FillHolidayDataset()
    Dim firstDate As New DateTime(Calendar1.VisibleDate.Year, _
         Calendar1.VisibleDate.Month, 1)
    Dim lastDate As DateTime = GetFirstDayOfNextMonth()
    dsHolidays = GetCurrentMonthData(firstDate, lastDate)
End Sub

Protected Function GetFirstDayOfNextMonth() As DateTime
    Dim monthNumber, yearNumber As Integer
    If Calendar1.VisibleDate.Month = 12 Then
        monthNumber = 1
        yearNumber = Calendar1.VisibleDate.Year + 1
    Else
        monthNumber = Calendar1.VisibleDate.Month + 1
        yearNumber = Calendar1.VisibleDate.Year
    End If
    Dim lastDate As New DateTime(yearNumber, monthNumber, 1)
    Return lastDate
End Function

Protected Sub Calendar1_VisibleMonthChanged(ByVal sender As Object, _
        ByVal e As System.Web.UI.WebControls.MonthChangedEventArgs) _
        Handles Calendar1.VisibleMonthChanged
    FillHolidayDataset()
End Sub

Function GetCurrentMonthData(ByVal firstDate As DateTime, _        ByVal lastDate As DateTime) As DataSet
    Dim dsMonth As New DataSet
    Dim cs As ConnectionStringSettings
    cs = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings("ConnectionString1")
    Dim connString As String = cs.ConnectionString
    Dim dbConnection As New SqlConnection(connString)
    Dim query As String
    query = "SELECT HolidayDate FROM Holidays " & _
        " WHERE HolidayDate >= @firstDate AND HolidayDate < @lastDate"
    Dim dbCommand As New SqlCommand(query, dbConnection)
    dbCommand.Parameters.Add(New SqlParameter("@firstDate", firstDate))
    dbCommand.Parameters.Add(New SqlParameter("@lastDate", lastDate))

    Dim sqlDataAdapter As New SqlDataAdapter(dbCommand)
    Try
        sqlDataAdapter.Fill(dsMonth)
    Catch
    End Try
    Return dsMonth
End Function

Protected Sub Calendar1_DayRender(ByVal sender As Object, _
        ByVal e As System.Web.UI.WebControls.DayRenderEventArgs) _
        Handles Calendar1.DayRender
    Dim nextDate As DateTime
    If Not dsHolidays Is Nothing Then
        For Each dr As DataRow In dsHolidays.Tables(0).Rows
            nextDate = CType(dr("HolidayDate"), DateTime)
            If nextDate = e.Day.Date Then
                e.Cell.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Pink
            End If
        Next
    End If
End Sub
protected DataSet dsHolidays;

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if(!IsPostBack)
    {
        Calendar1.VisibleDate = DateTime.Today;
        FillHolidayDataset();
    }
}

protected void FillHolidayDataset()
{
    DateTime firstDate = new DateTime(Calendar1.VisibleDate.Year, 
        Calendar1.VisibleDate.Month, 1);
    DateTime lastDate = GetFirstDayOfNextMonth();
    dsHolidays = GetCurrentMonthData(firstDate, lastDate);
}

protected DateTime GetFirstDayOfNextMonth()
{
    int monthNumber, yearNumber;
    if(Calendar1.VisibleDate.Month == 12)
    {
        monthNumber = 1;
        yearNumber = Calendar1.VisibleDate.Year + 1;
    }
    else
    {
        monthNumber = Calendar1.VisibleDate.Month + 1;
        yearNumber = Calendar1.VisibleDate.Year;
    }
    DateTime lastDate = new DateTime(yearNumber, monthNumber, 1);
    return lastDate;
}

protected DataSet GetCurrentMonthData(DateTime firstDate, 
     DateTime lastDate)
{
    DataSet dsMonth = new DataSet();
    ConnectionStringSettings cs;
    cs = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConnectionString1"];
    String connString = cs.ConnectionString;
    SqlConnection dbConnection = new SqlConnection(connString);
    String query;
    query = "SELECT HolidayDate FROM Holidays " + _
        " WHERE HolidayDate >= @firstDate AND HolidayDate < @lastDate";
    SqlCommand dbCommand = new SqlCommand(query, dbConnection);
    dbCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@firstDate", 
        firstDate));
    dbCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@lastDate", lastDate));

    SqlDataAdapter sqlDataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(dbCommand);
    try
    {
        sqlDataAdapter.Fill(dsMonth);
    }
    catch {}
    return dsMonth;
}

protected void Calendar1_DayRender(object sender, DayRenderEventArgs e)
{
    DateTime nextDate;
    if(dsHolidays != null)
    {
     foreach(DataRow dr in dsHolidays.Tables[0].Rows)
     {
            nextDate = (DateTime) dr["HolidayDate"];
            if(nextDate == e.Day.Date)
            {
                e.Cell.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Pink;
            }
     }
    }
}
protected void Calendar1_VisibleMonthChanged(object sender, 
    MonthChangedEventArgs e)
{
    FillHolidayDataset();
}

這個範例會根據目前顯示月份中的日期來建置 (Build) 查詢。VisibleDate 屬性會傳回當月的第一個日期 (因為要等到使用者在日曆中巡覽之後,才會設定 VisibleDate 屬性,所以在第一次顯示頁面時,程式碼會手動設定 VisibleDate 屬性)。由於程式碼中的 Helper 函式會根據 VisibleDate 屬性計算出下個月的第一天,因此可以用來建置 (Build) 當月的日期範圍。

編譯程式碼

程式碼會假設您正在使用包含資料表 Holidays 的 SQL Server 資料庫。這個資料表具有資料行 HolidayDate。連接到資料庫所需的連接字串 (Connection String) 則儲存在 Web.config 檔的名稱 ConnectionString1 之下。

程式碼會假設您已匯入命名空間 (Namespace) System.DataSystem.Data.SqlClient,所以可在不指定完整路徑的情況下,使用 DataSetSqlConnection 和其他物件的參考。

穩固程式設計

查詢資料庫時,您應該一律將查詢的執行 (在此範例中是呼叫資料配接器 (Adapter) 的 Fill 方法) 放在 try-catch 區塊中。

請參閱

概念

Calendar Web 伺服器控制項概觀