本頁討論您的應用程式可以使用 Windows ML 正常處理下載和註冊執行提供者 (EP) 的更進階方式。 即使裝置上已下載 EP,您也必須在每次應用程式執行時註冊 EP,才能顯示在 ONNX 執行階段中。
一次下載並註冊
在初期開發時,簡單地呼叫 EnsureAndRegisterCertifiedAsync(),這樣就能確保有與你裝置相容的 EP 存在(如果沒有的話會下載這些 EP),然後它會將所有現有的 EP 註冊到 ONNX 執行時。 請注意,首次運行時,此方法可能需要幾秒鐘甚至幾分鐘的時間,具體取決於您的網路速度和需要下載的 EP。
// Get the default ExecutionProviderCatalog
var catalog = ExecutionProviderCatalog.GetDefault();
// Ensure execution providers compatible with device are present (downloads if necessary)
// and then registers all present execution providers with ONNX Runtime
await catalog.EnsureAndRegisterCertifiedAsync();
// Get the default ExecutionProviderCatalog
winrt::Microsoft::Windows::AI::MachineLearning::ExecutionProviderCatalog catalog =
winrt::Microsoft::Windows::AI::MachineLearning::ExecutionProviderCatalog::GetDefault();
// Ensure execution providers compatible with device are present (downloads if necessary)
// and then registers all present execution providers with ONNX Runtime
catalog.EnsureAndRegisterCertifiedAsync().get();
# Please DO NOT use this API. It won't register EPs to the python ort env.
小提示
在生產應用程式中,將呼叫包裝 EnsureAndRegisterCertifiedAsync() 在 try-catch 區塊中,以正常處理潛在的網路或下載失敗。
僅註冊現有提供者
如果您想要避免下載,而只註冊電腦上已有的執行提供者:
var catalog = ExecutionProviderCatalog.GetDefault();
// Register only providers already present on the machine
// This avoids potentially long download times
await catalog.RegisterCertifiedAsync();
auto catalog = winrt::Microsoft::Windows::AI::MachineLearning::ExecutionProviderCatalog::GetDefault();
// Register only providers already present on the machine
catalog.RegisterCertifiedAsync().get();
# Please DO NOT use this API. It won't register EPs to the python ort env.
發現是否有 EP(無需下載)
如果你想查看是否有不在裝置上但與你的裝置和驅動程式相容的 EP,且又不想開始下載,可以使用這個 FindAllProviders() 方法,來檢查是否有供應商的 ReadyState 狀態為 NotPresent。 你可以隨意決定如何處理(例如啟動使用者進入「安裝畫面」、詢問是否要安裝等)。 如果你暫時不想讓用戶等待,可以選擇繼續使用已下載的 EP(如上所示執行 RegisterCertifiedAsync())。
var catalog = ExecutionProviderCatalog.GetDefault();
// Check if there are new EPs that need to be downloaded
if (catalog.FindAllProviders().Any(provider => provider.ReadyState == ExecutionProviderReadyState.NotPresent))
{
// TODO: There are new EPs, decide how your app wants to handle that
}
else
{
// All EPs are already present, just register them
await catalog.RegisterCertifiedAsync();
}
auto catalog = winrt::Microsoft::Windows::AI::MachineLearning::ExecutionProviderCatalog::GetDefault();
auto providers = catalog.FindAllProviders();
// Check if any providers need to be downloaded
bool needsDownload = false;
for (const auto& provider : providers)
{
if (provider.ReadyState() == winrt::Microsoft::Windows::AI::MachineLearning::ExecutionProviderReadyState::NotPresent)
{
needsDownload = true;
break;
}
}
if (needsDownload)
{
// TODO: There are new EPs, decide how your app wants to handle that
}
else
{
// All EPs are already present, just register them
catalog.RegisterCertifiedAsync().get();
}
# winml: winui3.microsoft.windows.ai.machinelearning
catalog = winml.ExecutionProviderCatalog.get_default()
providers = catalog.find_all_providers()
if any(provider.ready_state == winml.ExecutionProviderReadyState.NOT_PRESENT for provider in providers):
# TODO: There are new EPs, decide how your app wants to handle that
pass
else:
# Register the providers one by one
for provider in providers:
provider.ensure_ready_async().get()
ort.register_execution_provider_library(provider.name, provider.library_path)
下載並註冊特定 EP
如果您的應用程式想要使用特定執行提供者,您可以下載並註冊特定執行提供者,而無需下載所有相容的 EP。
您將先使用 FindAllProviders() 來取得所有相容的執行提供者,然後您可以呼叫EnsureReadyAsync()以針對特定的ExecutionProvider下載該執行提供者,並且呼叫 TryRegister()來註冊該特定的執行提供者。
var catalog = ExecutionProviderCatalog.GetDefault();
// Get the QNN provider, if present
var qnnProvider = catalog.FindAllProviders()
.FirstOrDefault(i => i.Name == "QNNExecutionProvider");
if (qnnProvider != null)
{
// Download it
var result = await qnnProvider.EnsureReadyAsync();
// If download succeeded
if (result != null && result.Status == ExecutionProviderReadyResultState.Success)
{
// Register it
bool registered = qnnProvider.TryRegister();
}
}
auto catalog = winrt::Microsoft::Windows::AI::MachineLearning::ExecutionProviderCatalog::GetDefault();
// Get the QNN provider, if present
auto providers = catalog.FindAllProviders();
winrt::Microsoft::Windows::AI::MachineLearning::ExecutionProvider qnnProvider{ nullptr };
for (auto const& p : providers)
{
if (p.Name() == L"QNNExecutionProvider")
{
qnnProvider = p;
break;
}
}
if (qnnProvider)
{
// Download required components for this provider (if not already present)
auto result = qnnProvider.EnsureReadyAsync().get();
if (result && result.Status() == winrt::Microsoft::Windows::AI::MachineLearning::ExecutionProviderReadyResultState::Success)
{
// Register the provider with ONNX Runtime
bool registered = qnnProvider.TryRegister();
}
}
catalog = winml.ExecutionProviderCatalog.get_default()
providers = catalog.find_all_providers()
qnn_provider = next((provider for provider in providers if provider.name == 'QNNExecutionProvider'), None)
if qnn_provider is not None:
# Download required components for this provider (if not already present)
result = qnn_provider.ensure_ready_async().get()
if result == winml.ExecutionProviderReadyResultState.SUCCESS:
# Register the provider with ONNX Runtime
ort.register_execution_provider_library(qnn_provider.name, qnn_provider.library_path)
生產應用程式範例
針對生產應用程式,以下是應用程式可能想要執行的動作範例,讓您自己和使用者使用者控制下載的時間。 您可以檢查是否有新的執行提供者可用,並有條件地下載它們:
using Microsoft.Windows.AI.MachineLearning;
var catalog = ExecutionProviderCatalog.GetDefault();
// Filter to the EPs our app supports/uses
var providers = catalog.FindAllProviders().Where(p =>
p.Name == "MIGraphXExecutionProvider" ||
p.Name == "VitisAIExecutionProvider" ||
p.Name == "OpenVINOExecutionProvider" ||
p.Name == "QNNExecutionProvider" ||
p.Name == "NvTensorRtRtxExecutionProvider"
);
if (providers.Any(p => p.ReadyState == ExecutionProviderReadyState.NotPresent))
{
// Show UI to user asking if they want to download new execution providers
bool userWantsToDownload = await ShowDownloadDialogAsync();
if (userWantsToDownload)
{
// Download all EPs
foreach (var p in providers)
{
if (p.ReadyState == ExecutionProviderReadyState.NotPresent)
{
// Ignore result handling here; production code could inspect status
await p.EnsureReadyAsync();
}
}
// And register all EPs
await catalog.RegisterCertifiedAsync();
}
else
{
// Register only already-present EPs
await catalog.RegisterCertifiedAsync();
}
}
using namespace winrt::Microsoft::Windows::AI::MachineLearning;
auto catalog = ExecutionProviderCatalog::GetDefault();
auto allProviders = catalog.FindAllProviders();
// Filter to the EPs our app supports/uses
std::vector<ExecutionProvider> targetProviders;
for (auto const& p : allProviders)
{
auto name = p.Name();
if (name == L"VitisAIExecutionProvider" ||
name == L"OpenVINOExecutionProvider" ||
name == L"QNNExecutionProvider" ||
name == L"NvTensorRtRtxExecutionProvider")
{
targetProviders.push_back(p);
}
}
bool needsDownload = false;
for (auto const& p : targetProviders)
{
if (p.ReadyState() == ExecutionProviderReadyState::NotPresent)
{
needsDownload = true;
break;
}
}
if (needsDownload)
{
// Show UI to user or check application settings to confirm download
bool userWantsToDownload = ShowDownloadDialog();
if (userWantsToDownload)
{
// Download only the missing target providers
for (auto const& p : targetProviders)
{
if (p.ReadyState() == ExecutionProviderReadyState::NotPresent)
{
// Ignore result handling here; production code could inspect status
p.EnsureReadyAsync().get();
}
}
// Register all (both previously present and newly downloaded) providers
catalog.RegisterCertifiedAsync().get();
}
else
{
// User deferred download; register only already-present providers
catalog.RegisterCertifiedAsync().get();
}
}
else
{
// All target EPs already present
catalog.RegisterCertifiedAsync().get();
}
# remove the msvcp140.dll from the winrt-runtime package.
# So it does not cause issues with other libraries.
from pathlib import Path
from importlib import metadata
site_packages_path = Path(str(metadata.distribution('winrt-runtime').locate_file('')))
dll_path = site_packages_path / 'winrt' / 'msvcp140.dll'
if dll_path.exists():
dll_path.unlink()
from winui3.microsoft.windows.applicationmodel.dynamicdependency.bootstrap import (
InitializeOptions,
initialize
)
import winui3.microsoft.windows.ai.machinelearning as winml
import onnxruntime as ort
with initialize(options=InitializeOptions.ON_NO_MATCH_SHOW_UI):
catalog = winml.ExecutionProviderCatalog.get_default()
# Filter EPs that the app supports
providers = [provider for provider in catalog.find_all_providers() if provider.name in [
'VitisAIExecutionProvider',
'OpenVINOExecutionProvider',
'QNNExecutionProvider',
'NvTensorRtRtxExecutionProvider'
]]
# Download and make ready missing EPs if the user wants to
if any(provider.ready_state == winml.ExecutionProviderReadyState.NOT_PRESENT for provider in providers):
# Ask the user if they want to download the missing packages
if user_wants_to_download:
for provider in [provider for provider in providers if provider.ready_state == winml.ExecutionProviderReadyState.NOT_PRESENT]:
provider.ensure_ready_async().get()
# Make ready the existing EPs
for provider in [provider for provider in providers if provider.ready_state == winml.ExecutionProviderReadyState.NOT_READY]:
provider.ensure_ready_async().get()
# Register all ready EPs
for provider in [provider for provider in providers if provider.ready_state == winml.ExecutionProviderReadyState.READY]:
ort.register_execution_provider_library(provider.name, provider.library_path)
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